No Teeth

The no teeth character state is basically that of the entire margin (Figures G and I) as proposed by Bailey and Sinnott (1915, 1916); a major difference, however, is that spinose leaves (Figure H) (leaves that have a fimbrial vein forming abmedial projections) are included in the no teeth category. This is because spinose teeth are primarily an adaptation to deter browsing and therefore not related to climate.

G) Entire margin	H) Spinose margin.	I) Entire margin

Regularity of tooth spacing

Teeth are considered to be regularly spaced if the length of the basal flanks (the side of the tooth facing the leaf base) of two adjacent teeth differ by less than one-third (Figures I and J).  

J) Regularly spaced	K) Regularly spaced	L) Irregularly spaced	M) Irregularly spaced

Closeness of teeth

Teeth are considered to be closely spaced if the basal flanks of the teeth are no longer than three times the apical flanks (the side of the tooth facing the leaf apex) (Figures J, K), otherwise they are distant (Figures P, Q).

N) Closely spaced	O) Closely spaced	P) Distantly spaced	Q) Distantly spaced

Teeth rounded and (or) appressed

Teeth are rounded if they have convex apical and basal flanks and the convexity extends to the tip of the tooth (Figures R, S).
Teeth are appressed if the apical flank is concave, the base of flank is convex, and the tooth is curved toward the lamina (Figures T, U); such teeth are typically glandular.

R) Rounded	S) Rounded	T) Appressed	U) Appressed

Teeth acute

Teeth are acute if the apical and basal flanks of the teeth form a sharp point (Figures V, W).

Teeth compound

A compound tooth is a tooth that has smaller teeth on (typically) its basal flank (Figures X, Y).

V) Acute	W) Acute	X) Compound (few)	Y) Compound (many)